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Type 99 cannon

From Internet Movie Firearms Database - Guns in Movies, TV and Video Games
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Type 99 Mark 1, flexible configuration - 20x72mmRB
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Top: Type 99 Mark 1 Model 3 - 20x72mmRB / Bottom: Type 99 Mark 2 Model 3 - 20x101mmRB
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Type 99 Mark 2 Model 4 - 20x101mmRB

Not to be confused with the Type 99 light machine gun.

The Type 99 cannons are a pair of related Japanese aircraft cannons derived from the Oerlikon FF series; the Type 99 Mark 1 and Type 99 Mark 2 were developed from the smaller FF F and the mid-size FF L, respectively. They were the standard 20mm cannon of the Imperial Japanese Navy before and during World War II, mounted on many of their aircraft.

The two Type 99s being effectively the same weapon built at different scales, the guns also share development upgrades and sub-variant designations. The Type 99 Mark 1 Model 1 is virtually never mentioned, even in Japanese sources, but is generally assumed to be the original Oerlikon FF Fs imported for study; the Mark 2 did not have a Model 1 variant, instead starting with the production version. The Type 99 Mark 1 Model 2 and Type 99 Mark 2 Model 2 are the initial production versions, fed from 60-round drum magazines. The Type 99 Mark 1 Model 3 and Type 99 Mark 2 Model 3 were an upgrade to the Model 2 that swapped their compressed air cocking system for a hydraulic system, and they use 100-round drum magazines. The change in magazine is sometimes incorrectly stated to be the difference between the Model 2 and Model 3, however the larger drum was simply a parallel upgrade that came at almost the same time and is not actually related to the designation change; both models can technically use either drum.

The Type 99 Mark 1 Model 4 and Type 99 Mark 2 Model 4 were a significant change to the cannon, a redesign from drum magazines to belt-feed; the Model 4 was the final variant of the Mark 1, production ending in early 1945. The Type 99 Mark 2 Model 4 Kai ("kai" meaning upgraded/improved, a change that does not warrant a new designation) increased the gun's rate of fire by swapping to a stiffer recoil spring. The Type 99 Mark 2 Model 5, which further increased rate of fire, came too late to see full production or combat use, and was the last of the Type 99s.

The Type 99 Mark 1 also has a flexible mount variant, for defensive mounts in bombers and similar aircraft. As seen in its photo on this page, the flexible variant features substantial changes to make it usable in this role, such as a pistol grip and stock assembly, crank-style charging handle, ejection chute, a handguard, different muzzle device, and of course iron sights, as well as using smaller 45-round drum magazines.

The Type 99 cannon and variants can be seen in the following films, television series, video games, and anime used by the following actors:

Film

Title Actor Character Note Date
Japan's Longest Day Mounted in A6M Zeroes 1967
The Final Countdown Soon-Tek Oh Japanese Zero pilot Acetylene mockup, mounted in SNJ Texan mocked up as A6M Zero 1980
Imperial Japanese Navy pilots
Pearl Harbor Imperial Japanese Navy pilots Mounted in A6M Zeroes 2001
Unbroken Imperial Japanese pilots Mounted in A6M Zeroes 2014

Video Games

Game Title Appears as Mods Notation Release Date
Medal of Honor: Rising Sun not usable, mounted in A6M Zero 2003
Medal of Honor: Pacific Assault not usable, mounted in A6M Zero 2004
Project Reality Mounted in crashed A6M Zero, unusable 2005
The History Channel: Battle for the Pacific mounted in A6M Zeros, unusable 2007
Call of Duty: World at War not usable, mounted in A6M Zero 2008
Battlefield 1943 mounted in A6M Zero 2009
Battlefield: Bad Company 2 mounted in A6M Zeros 2010
Men of War Mounted in A6M Zero 2009
Project Reality: Vietnam Mounted in crashed A6M Zero, unusable 2012
Far Cry 3 not usable, mounted on crashed A6M Zero 2012
Red Orchestra 2: Rising Storm not usable, mounted on crashed A6M Zero 2013
Call of Duty: Black Ops III not usable, mounted in crashed A6M Zero 2015
Battlefield V added with "War in the Pacific" (2019); mounted in A6M Zero 2018
Call of Duty: Vanguard not usable, mounted in A6M Zero fighters 2021
Enlisted Type 99 Mark 1 cannon 2021
Type 99 Mark 2 cannon

Anime

Title Characters Notation Date
The Cockpit mounted in Mitsubishi A6M "Zero"; Ep. 2 1993
801 T.T.S. Airbats mounted in Mitsubishi A6M "Zero" 1994-1996
Lupin III: The Pursuit of Harimao's Treasure mounted in Mitsubishi A6M "Zero" 1995
Strike Witches Yoshika Miyafuji Type 99-2 Model 2 Kai, fictional rifle variant in 13.2x96mm Hotchkiss 2008
Mio Sakamoto
Gertrud Barkhorn
Aleksandra Litvyak
Pierrette-Henriette Clostermann
Strike Witches 2 Yoshika Miyafuji Type 99-2 Model 2 Kai, fictional rifle variant in 13.2x96mm Hotchkiss 2010
Mio Sakamoto
Junko Takei
Mark 1 flexible variants mounted in H8K flying boat
Mark 1s mounted in A6M fighters
Strike Witches: The Movie Shizuka Hattori Type 99-2 Model 2 Kai, fictional rifle variant in 13.2x96mm Hotchkiss 2012
Yoshika Miyafuji
Strike Witches: Operation Victory Arrow Yoshika Miyafuji Type 99-2 Model 2 Kai, fictional rifle variant in 13.2x96mm Hotchkiss 2014-2015
Mio Sakamoto Mark 1s mounted in A6M fighter
In this Corner of the World mounted in Mitsubishi A6M "Zero" 2016
Brave Witches Hikari Karibuchi Type 99-2 Model 2 Kai, fictional rifle variant in 13.2x96mm Hotchkiss 2016-2017
Naoe Kanno
Sadako Shimohara
Takami Karibuchi
Miya Misumi
witch cadets
Mark 1s mounted in A6M fighters
The Magnificent Kotobuki mounted on "Kawanishi N1K1-j Shiden", "Aichi B7A", "Mitsubishi J2M RAIDEN", "D4Y2 Suisei", A6M3 Zero and "A6M Zero" planes 2019
Strike Witches: Road to Berlin Yoshika Miyafuji Type 99-2 Model 2 Kai, fictional rifle variant in 13.2x96mm Hotchkiss 2020
Shizuka Hattori
Luminous Witches Yoshika Miyafuji Type 99-2 Model 2 Kai, fictional rifle variant in 13.2x96mm Hotchkiss 2022